2022-2023 Academic Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]
Course Descriptions
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Africana Studies |
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AFS 101 - Introduction to Africana Studies Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement DE.
What is the history of the creation of Blackness and related racial hierarchies that marginalize Black communities? How have Black populations responded to the formation of those hierarchies? How have these hierarchies informed the lived realities of Black people in the United States and across the globe? How have these issues been addressed in higher education? Africana Studies is a scholarly field that answers these questions and many more by interrogating the role of race – and, in particular, Blackness and whiteness – in the structuring of society, identity, culture, power, and history. We will approach our exploration of Africana Studies through an interdisciplinary framework that consists of historical documents, poetry, literary essays, memoir and novel excerpts, short stories, current event pieces, documentary segments, historical and contemporary interview footage, and more. We will begin with the 18th century and move through to our current moment. On our journey to today, we will cover topics as varied as the impact of the public work of Frederick Douglass and the private work of his wife, Anna Murray Douglass; the community activism of the Black Panther Party; natural hair movements across the globe; and the Black Lives Matter Movement. We will conclude by examining the ever-urgent project(s) of Africana Studies today, as we live within the reverberations of centuries of violent anti-Blackness and the vibrant Black traditions of resistance, resilience, and joy formed in spite of, and in the midst of, that violence. While we only have one semester to unpack the legacies of centuries, by the end of our time together, you will be able to explain the significance of Africana Studies; the powerful ways it intertwines scholarship and activism; all that it reveals to us about the world from which we came; and, ultimately, all that it can teach us about the world we hope to build.
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AFS 201 - Black Feminist/Queer Theories Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement DE.
This course is designed to introduce students to the theoretical contributions of Black feminist and Black queer artists, activists, and scholars working in a variety of disciplinary fields. Black Women’s cultural production and activism; Black Feminist Theory; its concept of intersectionality; and subsequent spawning of Black Queer Studies and queer of color critique. The course addresses foundational concerns of Black feminist and Black queer practitioners (i.e., reproductive health; sexual violence; homophobia and heternormativity; the subordination of black women; and the effects of racism and colonialism on Black communities) through the critical examination of a wide range of source material from literature to cultural criticism and visual art to sociopolitical analysis. In addition to building theoretical acumen and analytical skills, the course emphasizes the need to understand the historical and political experiences of the sexual and gender alterity of all black-raced bodies. As an introduction, the course is hyper-focused upon the political and artistic activism of Black feminist and Black queer practitioners during the 1970s and 1980s and its reverberating effect upon socio-historical analysis and cultural criticism.
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AFS 301 - Race: The History of a Concept Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirements DE and SL.
Prerequisite(s): Completion of AFS 101 Introduction to Africana Studies , AFS 201 Black Feminist/Queer Theories , ATH 112 Cultural Anthropology , SOC 101 Introduction to Sociology , OR WST 202 Topics in Women’s and Gender Studies are HIGHLY RECOMMENDED.
In recent years, both racist and anti-racist politics have increased in visibility across the globe from professional sports arenas to public squares, from social media to college campuses. Popular responses to these occurrences, however, betray the fact that most people lack a basic understanding of race, its history, and its function within contemporary society. Through an engagement with primary, secondary, and theoretical texts, “Race: The History of a Concept” surveys roughly 500-year history of the concept of race, particularly as it defines blackness, anti-blackness, indigeneity, and whiteness. The course explores the major evolutions of race, racializations, and race thinking in the West, including Early Modern cultural-religious distinctions; Enlightenment rationality, and environmental determinism; nineteenth-century social Darwinism and scientific racism; twentieth-century racial liberalism; and Postmodern social constructionist definitions. We will contextualize these shifts within the long and complicated history of transatlantic commerce, colonialism, slavery, nationalist independence movements, and globalization. The course answers and then nuances the timely question “what is race,” but simultaneously and more importantly, the course tracks the constitutive relationship between race and notions of the modern, progress, democracy, liberalism, and the nation-state, which are ideas often disassociated with the practices of race and racialization. That is to say, race, racism, and white supremacy are not phenomena distinct from modernity (i.e., something “backwards”), but rather, race is and has been central to the creation and function of progress. By the end of the course, students will recognize that the stories we tell about race and especially racism (e.g., colorblindness as progressive; racism as only individual, intentional hatred) fail under the pressures of history, specifically the words and practices of the philosophers, artists, writers, scholars, and politicians, who originally crafted our modern racial concept.
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AFS 970 - Africana Studies Independent Study/Research
Each independent study/research course is to be designed in consultation with a faculty sponsor.
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Accounting |
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ACT 101 - Financial Accounting Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ECN 101 Principles of Macroeconomics or ECN 102 Principles of Microeconomics or BUS 101 Business and Society .
The course will provide the student with a fundamental understanding of accounting as a means for decision making by integrating preparation of financial information and written reports for a variety of users with case discussions and oral presentations. Students will participate in analysis of a company using financial data. Further analysis of the industry with interfirm comparisons will be done in teams.
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ACT 201 - Accounting Information Systems Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ACT 101 Financial Accounting with a grade of ‘C’ or better required. ‘B’ or better recommended. Sophomore status or permission of the instructor is also required.
This course will build a broad knowledge of the principles, concepts, and internal controls that support accounting information systems. The identification, collection, processing, analysis, interpretation, and communication of the accounting information needs and requirements of an organization will be examined in relationship to the roles accountants play as designers, users, evaluators, and controllers of those systems. Accounting software, the Internet, databases, and spreadsheets will be used as vehicles for analysis and problem solving. Integrated into the course will be current issues such as electronic commerce, data security, data warehousing, and enterprise resource planning systems.
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ACT 224 - Cost/Managerial Accounting Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ACT 101 - Financial Accounting . ACT 320, 321 - Intermediate Accounting I is recommended.
A study of cost and managerial concepts and their application to the planning and control of manufacturing and service firms. Topics include accounting for the production process (job order, process, standard, and activity based costing); performance and productivity measurement (profit planning, variance analysis, and responsibility accounting); and revenue and cost analysis for decision making (cost estimation, C-V-P analysis, and differential cost analysis).
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ACT 320, 321 - Intermediate Accounting I Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement W when offered as 321.
Prerequisite(s): ACT 101 Financial Accounting with a grade of ‘C’ or better required. ‘B’ or better recommended. Sophomore status or permission of the instructor is also required.
Theoretical bases for accounting practices are explored along with a detailed analysis of the financial statements and accounting principles for valuing assets. Topics include the conceptual framework of accounting, balance sheets, income statements, statements of cash flow, current and long-term assets, and International Financial Reporting Standards. Students will continue to use computers as a tool for preparation, analysis, and presentation of financial data.
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ACT 322, 323 - Intermediate Accounting II Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement W when offered as 323.
Prerequisite(s): ACT 320, 321 - Intermediate Accounting I with a grade of ‘C’ or better required. ‘B’ or better recommended. ACT 201 Accounting Information Systems must also be completed or enrolled concurrently.
Theoretical bases of accounting practices continue to be explored as students learn valuation and reporting techniques for current and long-term liabilities, stockholders’ equity, income taxes, post-employment benefits, and leases. Emphasis is placed on accounting practices for large corporations, such as earnings per share and SEC reporting, as well as International Financial Reporting Standards. Four class hours per week.
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ACT 326 - Concepts of Federal Taxation Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ACT 320, 321 - Intermediate Accounting I
An analysis of income tax fundamentals focusing on the development of tax concepts, tax planning, the Internal Revenue Code, and rulings and decisions interpreting the code. Topics covered will include tax issues, reporting requirements, required treatments, and recent developments in taxation.
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ACT 330 - Advanced Accounting Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ACT 322, 323 - Intermediate Accounting II .
This course will introduce corporate consolidations and mergers and show the procedure needed to prepare and present the financial statements of the consolidated entity. Partnership accounting, especially dissolution and liquidation, and accounting for government and non-profit organizations will be covered as well as international accounting issues.
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ACT 334 - Fraud Examination Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ACT 320, 321 - Intermediate Accounting I
This course helps students understand and apply the theory, terminology, and analytical techniques that are used in the investigation of financial crimes. Topics include the nature of fraud, theories of fraud, current research related to fraud, criminal statutes related to financial crimes, forensic accounting procedures, fraud examination methodology, investigative techniques used in solving financial crimes, interviewing, rules of evidence, sources of information, use of technology to detect and prevent fraud, and current issues in financial investigations. Experiential learning activities used in resolving financial crimes will be used.
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ACT 490 - CUE: Auditing & Assurance Services Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ACT 322, 323 - Intermediate Accounting II
This course is the Culminating Undergraduate Experience in accounting. As such, it integrates concepts and skills from earlier coursework in the major and focuses on the theory, environment, and practice of auditing and assurance services as performed primarily by public accountants, but also by internal auditors. Topics include audit planning and risk assessment, including evaluation of internal controls; collection, analysis and evaluation of audit evidence; auditing procedures, tests, and documentation, including sampling techniques; required disclosures and reports; professional standards and ethics; legal obligations of auditors; and corporate governance. Students will also analyze auditing situations through case studies, which utilize a broad base of knowledge and will culminate in both written reports and oral presentations.
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ACT 960 - Accounting Internship Course unit(s): 1
Under close faculty supervision, students will be placed in internship positions with local business and other related organizations in order to gain experience in the application of theories and concepts learned in the classroom. Students will be required to document their experiences in a written journal, to share their experiences with others in a classroom setting, and to prepare a significant term paper or project report and oral presentation.
Open to junior and senior majors or minors in good academic standing. Pass/fail only.
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ACT 970 - Accounting Independent Study/Research
Each independent study/research course is to be designed in consultation with a faculty sponsor.
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American Studies |
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AMS 101 - Introduction to American Studies Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement HU.
This course will provide an introductory exposure to the study of American culture through the interdisciplinary methods of American Studies. It will examine a particular topic concerning American cultural and social formations from a specific set of disciplinary perspectives that will change from semester to semester, depending on the instructor’s scholarly orientations. Topics for Introduction to American Studies in different semesters would include, for example, “Representations of the American City”, “American Cultural Landscapes”, “The Romance of Nature in America”, “Performing Class in America”, “Americans Abroad”, “The Veteran in American Film and Literature”, and “Immigration in the Twentieth Century”. The common methodology will be, first, the focus on American cultural and social formations and, second, the deployment of at least two different disciplinary perspectives that will supplement as well as complement each other in the process of framing critical investigation of the topic. Pluralizing the perspective of study is intended not only to intensify the engagement with the given topic but to emphasize that identifications of America and of American national culture are contested and changeful. The introductory course will give students the opportunity to become familiar with influential theories in the development of the field that will help prepare them for more advanced course work in American Studies in addition to offering them the chance to investigate the particular topic at issue. The course will be required for majors in American Studies and open to all students.
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AMS 970 - American Studies Independent Study/Research
Each independent study/research course is to be designed in consultation with a faculty sponsor.
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Arabic |
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ARB 101 - Elementary Arabic I Course unit(s): 1
An introduction to basic grammar and vocabulary as well as communication skills in Arabic within its cultural contexts. Students will use a variety of authentic text and media resources to acquire and enhance linguistic skills. The first semester is designed for students with no knowledge of or with a weak background in Arabic. The second semester is for students with limited previous exposure to Arabic. Assignment by placement test. Four class hours per week plus Language Learning Center assignments.
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ARB 102 - Elementary Arabic II Course unit(s): 1
An introduction to basic grammar and vocabulary as well as communication skills in Arabic within its cultural contexts. Students will use a variety of authentic text and media resources to acquire and enhance linguistic skills. The first semester is designed for students with no knowledge of or with a weak background in Arabic. The second semester is for students with limited previous exposure to Arabic. Assignment by placement test. Four class hours per week plus Language Learning Center assignments.
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Art History |
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ARH 101 - Introduction to Art History I Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement HU.
A survey of the major works of architecture, painting, and sculpture of Western Civilization from the pre-historic period to the Late Middle Ages. Elements of style and the relationship of the work of art to its historical era are stressed.
Offered every fall semester.
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ARH 102 - Introduction to Art History II Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement HU.
A survey of the major works of architecture, painting, and sculpture of Western civilization from the Renaissance to the modern era. Elements of style and the relationship of the work of art to its historical era are stressed.
Offered every spring semester.
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ARH 103, 104 - History of Modern Architecture Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement HU (and W when offered as 104).
A survey of architectural history from the eclectic historicism of the late Victorian period to the present in America and Europe; an analysis of style, materials, and the philosophy underlying the development of modern architecture.
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ARH 201 - Ancient Art Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement HU.
A survey of Aegean, Greek, and Etruscan art. An analysis of stylistic modes and thematic concerns and their relationship to historical and cultural contexts.
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ARH 207, 208 - Baroque Art Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement HU (and W when offered as 208).
A survey of painting, sculpture, and architecture from 1580 to 1680; an analysis of stylistic modes and their relationship to historical and cultural contexts.
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ARH 209, 210 - Nineteenth Century Art Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement HU (and W when offered as 210).
A survey of European painting from 1780 to 1880. Emphasis is placed on the development of Neo-Classicism, Romanticism, Realism, and Impressionism, stylistically and in relation to their cultural and historical contexts.
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ARH 211, 212 - American Art Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement HU (and W when offered as 212).
A survey of painting, sculpture, and architecture from pre-Revolutionary times to the early twentieth century. An analysis of style and subject matter, it considers the imagery from cultural, historical, political, and social perspectives.
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ARH 215, 216 - British Art Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement HU (and W when offered as 216).
A selective survey of painting and graphic art focusing on a limited chronological period between the Medieval and the modern eras. An analysis of style and subject matter, it considers the imagery from cultural, historical, political, and social perspectives.
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ARH 222 - Contemporary Art Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement W.
Prerequisite(s): ARH 101 Introduction to Art History I or ARH 102 Introduction to Art History II .
A survey of painting, sculpture, and new media from 1989 to the present. New approaches to art production and exhibition are analyzed in relation to social, political, and cultural contexts.
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ARH 223 - African American Art Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement HU and DE.
This course surveys art produced by African Americans from the late eighteenth century to the present. The historical, political, and social conditions that shaped art production by African Americans are investigated, from slavery through the Great Migration, and the Black Power Movement to postmodernism. Themes to consider include problems of representation, including racial stereotypes, primitivism, and the audience. This course moves African American art and artists from the art historical margins to the center to account for the way race influences art’s production and reception.
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ARH 225 - Women & Art Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement HU.
This course will investigate the role of women artists in the major movements in Western art from Impressionism to Postmodernism. The course will analyze questions that feminist art historians have posed: Have there been great women artists? How has “women’s work,” such as the decorative arts and crafts, been evaluated? Does art by women have common style or iconography? The intersection of art and gender will be examined in the careers of women artists from the well-known (Mary Cassatt and Georgia O’Keeffe) to the less-familiar (Gabriele Münter and Harmony Hammond).
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ARH 227 - Museums: Art, Politics, and Ethics Course unit(s): 1
The course will establish a historical, theoretical, and practical context for the study of museums as institutions in terms of cultural relevance, educational significance, and financial accountability and sustainability. Museums reflect current cultural concerns. Case studies will consider historical precedent, cultural expression, administrative control, curatorial prerogative, educational theory, and community identity.
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ARH 230 - History of Photography Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement HU.
A survey of photography from its invention to the present. The development of a photographic aesthetic, technical advances, and the relationship between photography and the other visual arts will be considered.
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ARH 301 - Italian Renaissance Art Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement HU.
Survey of painting, sculpture, and architecture of Italy from the time of Giotto to the death of Michelangelo; an analysis of stylistic modes and thematic concerns in relation to historical and cultural contexts.
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ARH 490 - CUE: Methods of Art History Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARH 101 Introduction to Art History I and ARH 102 Introduction to Art History II .
This course surveys art historical methodologies and culminates with an independent research project. It reinforces what advanced art history students have learned about the key practices and methods used in the study of the visual arts and encourages them to think about how such varying approaches have shaped the discipline itself. Students will conduct research on an object or topic of their choice, using disciplinary tools (visual and textual analysis) in accordance with a methodology that offers a productive interpretive framework for their selection.
Open to senior Art History majors and minors only.
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ARH 960 - Art History Internship
Art history majors may undertake an internship in museum or gallery studies.
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ARH 970 - Art History Independent Study/Research
Each independent study/research course is to be designed in consultation with a faculty sponsor.
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Studio Art |
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ARS 103 - Drawing I Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement AR.
An introduction to problems in visual perception and delineation of pictoral fundamentals, incorporating traditional and non-traditional drawing media. Students examine various theoretical perspectives. Work from the still life and the human figure will be emphasized. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 104 - Sculpture I Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement AR.
An introduction to the development of awareness and control of the basic elements of the three-dimensional material manipulation. Hands-on projects will emphasize issues of the object, the maker, the viewer, and navigating our surroundings in the development of a personal visual vocabulary. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 107 - Introduction to Analog Photography Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement AR.
This course is an introduction to the fundamentals of black and white photography. Students will gain a technical understanding of the 35mm SLR Camera, exposure, and development as primary tools for conveying meaning. This course is divided into lab days and critique days. During lab days, students will learn fundamental tools and techniques of the darkroom. Critiques will strengthen students’ abilities to critically describe and interpret photographs. Emphasis is placed on developing personal vision. Students must use a 35 mm camera, and there are a limited number of cameras available for checkout via the department. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 110 - Printmaking I Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement AR.
An introduction to print processes, specifically exploring screenprint, intaglio, and relief. This class will focus on color, pattern, and layering to generate meaning. Each student will gain an understanding of the technical processes and the visual language and possibilities of working with the multiple. Students examine historical approaches and context while exploring contemporary modes of expression. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 111 - Printmaking & the Book Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement AR and is a cluster course and a linked (IL) course.
In this hands-on studio course students create their own artists’ book through printmaking processes. Artists’ books are art objects that reference traditional book forms. We will begin with relief, the oldest form of printmaking. Students will carve images into a block and then transfer the image using ink and pressure, much like a rubber stamp. We will then explore other printmaking techniques which developed alongside the printed book and hybrid processes that blend digital technology with hand printing. Through collage and layering of printed materials students will respond to themes discussed in the other class including censorship and the politics of print. Each student will gain an understanding of the technical processes and the visual language and possibilities of working with the multiple. Students examine historical approaches and context while exploring contemporary modes of expression.
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ARS 113 - Drawing Studio Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement AR.
Drawing Studio is an accelerated introduction to drawing and two-dimensional analysis of the visual world. Based on observation and an introduction to the history of drawing, this class will explore conventions of representation within a studio context. The class may include an exhibition of work produced. This class is intended for majors and those interested in a more substantial introduction to art.
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ARS 115 - Introduction to Digital Photography Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement AR.
This course is an introduction to the fundamentals of photography using digital tools. Students will gain a technical understanding of exposure, the tools of image processing, and output methods as primary tools for conveying meaning. Photographic assignments and projects are grounded by the study of historical and contemporary photographic practice and practitioners, which encourage students to visualize their work in a broader context. Critiques will strengthen students’ abilities to critically describe and interpret photographs. Students are required to use a digital camera with manual settings capable of RAW capture. If you do not have a suitable digital camera, there are a limited number of cameras available for checkout from the department. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 120 - Painting I Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement AR.
An introduction to the problems of line, form, color, texture, and space in the painting medium. Varied levels of ability and interests are given consideration on an individual basis. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 201 - Sound Art Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement AR.
An exploration of sound sculpture, environmental sound, room harmonics, and field recordings. No previous experience required, just an interest in experimenting and a curiosity about the sonic world. We will build sound producing sculptures, record and manipulate sound, play with circuits, and map the audible environment. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 203 - Drawing II Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 103 Drawing I , or ARS 113 Drawing Studio , or ARS 213 Drawing from Nature .
An introduction to a broad range of compositional problems, subject matter, and life drawing, allowing the exploration of expressive potential of drawing in a variety of media. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 204 - Sculpture II Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 104 Sculpture I .
A continued study of three-dimensional art forms with an emphasis on material and techniques within the context of individual projects and investigations. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 207 - Intermediate Analog Photography Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 107 Introduction to Analog Photography or ARS 115 Introduction to Digital Photography .
This course concentrates on classic darkroom-based photographic practice; 35mm and medium format cameras are used. Advanced darkroom skills are emphasized, including controlled film development, large format fiber-based printing, toning, and professional mounting techniques. Students refine and focus their intentions through the study of important practitioners and the development of personal projects.
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ARS 209 - Digital Foundations Course unit(s): 1
This course will provide students with a practical and conceptual foundation in the formal elements that underlie all visual art, within a fully digital imaging environment. We will apply the principles of visual organization as they relate to both decorative and illusionary space. Utilizing the latest Adobe CS software, students will become conversant with the elements of shape, line, value, texture, and color. They will make art in response to assigned exercises, as well as in response to their own imaginative resources. Media may include digital electronic display of still or moving images, digital print media, and hybrid forms. Students will be introduced to the history of foundation design, will build a working vocabulary of art terms, and participate in class critiques. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 210 - Printmaking II Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 110 Printmaking I .
A continued study of printmaking processes. Students will explore the intersection of drawn and digitally based print processes. This class will focus on drawn line and narrative/sequence. Each student will gain an understanding of the technical processes, visual language, and possibilities of working with the multiple. Students examine historical approaches and context while exploring contemporary modes of expression. See the Workday course section note for the particular type(s) of printmaking to be covered or contact the professor. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 213 - Drawing from Nature Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement AR.
Referring exclusively to a series of natural objects, including mineral, plant, animal, and human specimens, the course includes a variety of media and aims to develop both analytic and expressive skills of drawing. It focuses on the studio experience but includes the study of significant historical examples of drawing from nature. Work from natural forms, including the human figure, is emphasized. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 215 - Intermediate Digital Photography Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 107 Introduction to Analog Photography or ARS 115 Introduction to Digital Photography .
Continued study of photography in the digital environment. The course will emphasize greater technical control of the medium, with an emphasis on studio work, artificial lighting, advanced digital processing and manipulation, and large format printing. Students will refine and focus their intentions through the study of practitioners of the medium and the development of personal projects.
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ARS 217 - Intermediate Photography: Materials Output Presentation Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 107 Introduction to Analog Photography or ARS 115 Introduction to Digital Photography
In contemporary art practice, photography is mined for its ability to convey, manipulate, perform, witness, narrate, evidentiate, and transform. Photographic processes are a starting point to create works that expand traditional notions of the print. In this successive course to Introduction to Photography (Digital or Analog), students will experiment with material, output methods, and modes of presentation as unique strategies to convey their ideas. Installations, conceptual projects, projections, public-sited works, websites, video, slide shows, and artists’ books are all potential explorations for this course. Students are encouraged to embrace creative risk as they respond to conceptual challenges, exploring the possibilities of the medium and refining their craft. This is a studio-based course and will be supplemented by readings, discussion, and artist presentations. Students are required to use a camera with manual settings. If you do not have a suitable camera, there are cameras available for checkout.
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ARS 219 - Intermediate Photography: Studio and Light Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 107 Introduction to Analog Photography or ARS 115 Introduction to Digital Photography
As a successive course to Introduction to Photography (Digital or Analog), this course is designed to expand on technical and creative concepts to deepen personal projects. With an emphasis on technical lighting tools, students will develop proficiency in seeing, shaping and controlling light using strobe lights and modifiers. In-studio capture will be supplemented with instruction in intermediate digital processing and large format printing. Combining technical skills set with a series of idea-based and aesthetic prompts supports students in refining their craft to support their personal vision. This is a studio-based course and will be supplemented by readings, discussion, and artist presentations. Students are required to use a camera with manual settings. If you do not have a suitable camera, there are cameras available for checkout.
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ARS 220 - Painting II Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 120 Painting I .
A continued experience in oil painting or other media with an emphasis on composition and content. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 234 - Figure Studio Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): Any 100 level studio course or permission of the instructor.
The work of the course will consist of an intensive/extensive study of the human figure from a live model. The consequences of compositional choices will be fully explored using a variety of media in both 2D and 3D structures. There will be an examination of art historical concepts of the human figure and art historical settings of the figure. The course will be conducted as an atelier, in which the instructor will work alongside the students. In this method instruction and interactions are based on mutual and individual discoveries. There will be outside projects and a weekly critique/seminar.
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ARS 240 - Field Studio Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): Any 100 level ARS course or any production class in Film Studies or Media and Communication.
This course provides an opportunity for an intense living-working studio experience in a field setting. The course will be situated in an off-campus location, either within the US or abroad, depending on the focus of the class. Preparatory work will include study of the geography and culture of the location, including historical and contemporary art practice. Work will be possible in any medium, depending on the background of students enrolled in the class. Enrollment by permission of instructor.
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ARS 303 - Drawing III Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 203 Drawing II .
An advanced course in drawing designed to fulfill the need for personalized expression. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 304 - Sculpture III Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 204 Sculpture II .
An advanced course focusing on the refinement of concepts, materials, and techniques. Emphasis will be placed on individual development. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 310 - Printmaking III Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 210 Printmaking II .
An advanced course in printmaking techniques. Students will develop editioned colored images which utilize multiple color registration and explore one type of printmaking of their choice as an area of concentration. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 317 - Advanced Photography: Materials Output Presentation Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 219 Intermediate Photography: Studio and Light
Advanced Photography supplements the skills and photographic approaches introduced in Intermediate Photography: Studio and Light. This course is designed to support technical growth while students work on a semester-long independently driven project. The emphasis of this course is to refine personal vision and gain the skills to create work independently. Students will propose and develop a semester-long project through critical, studio-based research, iteration, and material experimentation. Students can work with any lens-based process, and they may also work incorporating interdisciplinary methods.
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ARS 319 - Advanced Photography: Studio and Light Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 217 Intermediate Photography: Materials Output Presentation
Advanced Photography supplements skills and photographic approaches introduced in Intermediate Photography: Materials, Output, and Presentation. This course is designed to support technical growth while students work on a semester-long independently driven project. The emphasis of this course is to refine personal vision and gain the skills to create work independently. Students will propose and develop a semester-long project through critical, studio-based research, iteration, and material experimentation. Students can work with any lens-based process, and they may also work incorporating interdisciplinary methods.
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ARS 320 - Painting III Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 220 Painting II .
An advanced studio course in a variety of media with an emphasis on the development of a personal expression. Four contact hours per week.
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ARS 401 - CUE: Senior Studio Seminar: Portfolio Development Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): Any 300 level ARS course.
The course is taught collectively by the studio art faculty. Students focus on understanding and articulating their own interests and vision through research, written work, creation of new works of art, and critique. After the final critique, students who have demonstrated strong, sustained, and productive engagement with their work will be invited to join ARS 405 Senior Studio Seminar: Thesis Exhibition for the spring semester. Required of all senior studio art majors.
Open to art minors with permission of faculty.
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ARS 405 - Senior Studio Seminar: Thesis Exhibition Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ARS 401 CUE: Senior Studio Seminar: Portfolio Development .
Offered every spring semester, this course will require students to continue development of independent work begun during the fall semester. Regular critiques with studio faculty and guest critics will be the basis for evaluation. Emphasis will be on portfolio development and preparation for the senior art exhibition in the Martin Art Gallery. Students will plan and design the exhibition, design announcements, prepare their work for hanging, and install and light the exhibit.
By Department invitation only.
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ARS 960 - Studio Art Internship
Student internships are available for those who wish to acquire experience in the professional art world.
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ARS 970 - Studio Art Independent Study/Research
Each independent study/research course is to be designed in consultation with a faculty sponsor.
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Asian Studies |
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AST 950 - Senior Capstone Project Course unit(s): 1
Students may roster an interdisciplinary Senior Capstone Project designed in consultation with the Program Director and other Asian Studies faculty.
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AST 970 - Asian Studies Independent Study/Research Course unit(s): 1
Each independent study/research course is to be designed in consultation with a faculty sponsor.
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Anthropology |
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ATH 112 - Cultural Anthropology Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement DE and SL.
This course introduces students to the concepts, principles, and methods used by cultural anthropologists to understand and explain the diversity of human societies throughout the world. It combines a cross-cultural analysis of different social institutions with the systematic examination of the behavior of individual societies in order to promote a rational understanding of human social and cultural diversity.
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ATH 155 - Archaeology & Prehistory Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement DE and SL.
This course is an introduction to human prehistory and the archaeological techniques used to decipher it. We will examine the origins of human culture, the success of the 3-million-year-old hunting and gathering way of life, the effect of the development of farming and urban life on human health, and the rise of complex society in Africa, Asia, and the Pre-Columbian Americas. Emphasis is placed on archaeology’s unique methods of understanding the human past and how this rich heritage contributes to modern society.
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ATH 205 - Anthropological Theory Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement W.
Prerequisite(s): ATH 112 Cultural Anthropology .
This course reviews the major theoretical approaches that make anthropology unique among the social sciences. These approaches include evolution, functionalism, structuralism, materialism and cultural ecology, interpretive and symbolic anthropology, and postmodernism. The course is organized historically and chronologically in order to analyze the emergence and development of theories in their broader social, historical, and theoretical contexts. The course focuses on major figures in the field and specific schools of thought, allowing students to better understand both the scientific and humanistic aspects of anthropology.
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ATH 211, 212 - Human Evolution Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement SC (and is a linked IL course when offered as 212).
This course introduces students to the scientific concepts, principles, methods, and research pertaining to human biological evolution. The course begins with a discussion of evolutionary theory and then applies evolutionary theory to examine: (1) contemporary human biological diversity, (2) the biological and behavioral similarities and differences among human and nonhuman primates, and (3) the fossil evidence for human evolution.
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ATH 230 - Inca, Aztec, & Maya Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement DE.
Latin America contains two geographic regions where civilization developed independently, Mesoamerica and South America. This course focuses upon the origin, development, and expression of the Inca, Aztec, Maya, and their predecessors through time. Themes of power, trade, consumption, ritual, identity, and symbolism will be explored through the lens of archaeology. This course employs the long term perspective of archaeology and anthropology to understand controversial issues such as elite dominance, commoner resistance, warfare, auto-sacrifice, and human sacrifice.
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ATH 240 - Magic and Modernity Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement HU.
Prerequisite(s): ATH 112 Cultural Anthropology or permission of the instructor.
This course will examine beliefs and practices of witchcraft, magic, and sorcery in both Euro-American and non-Western societies. Emphasis will be placed on comparative analysis of the dynamics and functions of magical practice in cross-cultural context. Special attention will be paid to answering the following questions: What sorts of cultural information are transmitted through acts of conjuring and witchcraft? What are the social functions of magical ritual? Why do cultures embrace notions of malevolent supernatural power? How is sorcery used to control social behavior? Topics to be addressed include the functions of ritual, shamanism, magic, sorcery, vampirism, divination, possession, sacrifice, and the use of oracles.
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ATH 250 - Anthropology of Gender & Sexuality Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirements SL and DE.
Prerequisite(s): ATH 112 Cultural Anthropology
This course introduces students to core concepts and topics in the anthropological study of gender and sexuality. Particular attention will be paid to bodily experiences of gender and sexuality as complex, contested, and changing fields of experience and expression that are related to other fields of power including race, ethnicity, religion, and class. Topics to be studied may include gender and sexuality as bio-cultural phenomena; the sex and gender distinction; gender and the division of labor; gender stratification and male dominance; men and masculinities; feminist, postmodern, and queer theories; LGBTIQ cultures and societies; and the globalization of gender and sexuality.
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ATH 262 - Historical Ecology Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement DE.
Historical ecology is the study of long term interactions between people, their institutions, and their environments. We will critically evaluate arguments about the current relationship between people and the environment in popular texts using archaeological, historical, and ethnographic evidence. Many current pressing issues can be assessed more appropriately when viewed from a long-term perspective gained from an historical or archaeological approach. We will focus on some of these issues. Some questions that will be addressed include: Where do people encourage the spread of forests into the greatest desert in the world? Where does an increase in population result in less environmental impact? Can the poor soil of the rainforest support “civilization?” We will also examine the local environment over the past 100 years.
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ATH 272, 273 - Chinese Culture & Society Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirements SL and DE (and is a linked IL course when offered as 273).
This course encourages students to think critically about many of the major developments in Chinese culture and society that have occurred during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, with an emphasis on understanding both cultural change and continuity in China. Drawing on ethnographic material and case studies from rural and urban China over the traditional, revolutionary, and reform periods, we will examine a number of topics in the anthropological study of China, including family and kinship; marriage, reproduction, and death; popular religion; women and gender; the Cultural Revolution; social and economic reforms; gift exchange and guanxi networks; changing perceptions of space and place; globalization and modernity.
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ATH 291 - Medicine & Culture Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement DE.
Prerequisite(s): ATH 112 Cultural Anthropology .
States of illness and health are not simply the result of biological processes. If we want to understand why people get sick and how they get better, we should also examine the social and cultural aspects of medicine and disease. This course is an introduction to medical anthropology: the study of cultural meanings, social relations, and systems of power that structure our experiences of illness and health. Students will engage with ethnographic texts and films from Western and non-Western medical settings in order to learn how health, illness, and healing practices are culturally shaped, transformed, and contested.
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ATH 313 - Anthropological Ethnography Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ATH 112 Cultural Anthropology .
This course is an introduction to ethnography, the signature method developed by cultural anthropologists for researching cultural issues in contemporary societies. In this course students will learn the fundamentals of ethnographic fieldwork (site selection, archival and documentary research, sampling, participant-observation, structured observation, interviews, survey, genealogy, case study analysis, narrative and symbolic analysis, mapping, ethnologic induction, etc.) and will prepare for field research by studying the ethics of doing anthropology, emic vs. etic perspectives, field logistics, rapport establishment, writing ethnographic fieldnotes, the politics of representation, and the concept of objectivity and reflexivity in writing culture.
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ATH 315 - Archaeology of Food Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ATH 155 Archaeology & Prehistory .
This course uses food as a central axis for considering issues of health/nutrition, subsistence economy, gender roles/relations, ritual/ceremonial life, social inequality, and political power in past societies. These issues will be addressed through an examination of the archaeological residues of food remains and food consumption. Thus, the course has a dual emphasis on anthropological issues and archaeological methods of “food analysis”. Understanding past food practices requires consideration of a variety of archaeological evidence, including the food remains themselves, food containers and serving wares, areas of food preparation and consumption, and the human skeleton as a record of consumption. After several weeks considering the methods for analyzing these types of evidence, the course considers the above issues through case studies dealing with topics like cannibalism, feasting, luxury foods, status, gender, and ethnicity.
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ATH 317 - Field Archaeology Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ATH 155 Archaeology & Prehistory or permission of the instructor.
An intensive analysis of a particular archaeological site. Utilizing the methodological and theoretical concepts of anthropological archaeology, students will be required to participate in every phase of the scientific research process.
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ATH 318 - The Archaeology of Objects Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): ATH 155 Archaeology & Prehistory .
This courses examines the role of material culture in the human world. Objects, especially artifacts, are more than just utilitarian background to our existence; they shape us as much as we modify them. This course provides a methodological and theoretical foundation for the analysis of archaeological and anthropological artifacts. We will examine a variety of materials, including stone, clay/ceramics, basketry, metals, wood, shell, and more. We will examine the process of transforming raw materials into material culture from technological, economic, social, political, and religious perspectives.
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ATH 330 - Urban Anthropology Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirements SL and DE.
Prerequisite or corequisite: ATH 112 Cultural Anthropology or permission of the instructor.
What is globalization? Where do our ideas about globalization come from? What are the effects of global processes on the rapid expansion of urban spaces? This course explores the multifaceted ways global cities have inspired and informed social analysis and cultural production. We will cover an interdisciplinary range of urban studies to address questions about the representation of global cities through an anthropological lens.
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ATH 350 - Queer China Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirements DE and IL.
Prerequisite(s): ATH 112 Cultural Anthropology
This course explores the emergence and expression of queer identities, cultures, and communities in modern and contemporary mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the Chinese diaspora through the critical reading and analysis of texts from the disciplines of cultural anthropology and literature/film studies. Major themes include shifts in popular and official attitudes toward queer sexualities during the late traditional, early modern, and contemporary periods; “hooligan” and other unruly sexualities under Maoism; the explosion of Chinese gay and queer literature and film in the 1990s and 2000s, and contemporary queer cultures and communities in China and the Chinese diaspora.
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ATH 970 - Anthropology Independent Study/Research
Each independent study/research course is to be designed in consultation with a faculty sponsor.
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Biochemistry |
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BCM 341 - Experimental Biochemistry Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement W.
Prerequisite(s): CHM 202 Organic Chemistry II or CHM 204, 206 Organic Chemistry IIA .
A laboratory based course concerned with modern experimentation in biochemistry. In the first module students use recombinant DNA technology to overexpress an enzyme, then purify and characterize it. Theory and biochemical context is discussed throughout. The second module covers modern biochemical experimentation, including mass spectrometry of proteins and proteomic methods for analysis of cell states. Students also design and execute an original research project. Four hours laboratory and two hours of lecture per week.
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BCM 441 - CUE: Advanced Biochemistry Course unit(s): 1
Prerequisite(s): BIO 220 Biochemistry and CHM 202 Organic Chemistry II or CHM 204, 206 Organic Chemistry IIA , or permission of instructor.
An advanced, lecture based Culminating Undergraduate Experience that takes a mechanistic perspective on enzymology, enzymopathy, and bioinformatics within cellular metabolism. While studying the central concept of metabolism, students learn to evaluate original research articles and apply the findings to biochemical problems. Topics also include the relevance and application of cellular metabolism to medicine and biotechnology. Three hours lecture per week.
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BCM 970 - Biochemistry Independent Study/Research
Each independent study/research course is to be designed in consultation with a faculty sponsor.
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Biology |
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BIO 101 - Concepts of Biology: Human Biology, Science, & Society Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement SC.
Prerequisite(s): Students who have taken BIO 160 , BIO 165 , or BIO 175 need permission of the instructor to enroll.
This course covers topics in human structure and function, human genetics, and human ecology. A scientific and bio-ethical approach is used to study issues related to society as a whole as well as to an individual. The overall goal of the course is to help students become more scientifically literate so that they can make informed decisions.
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BIO 102 - Concepts of Biology: Biology of Movement Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement SC.
Prerequisite(s): Dance majors or permission of the instructor. Students who have taken BIO 160 , BIO 165 , or BIO 175 need permission of the instructor to enroll.
This course covers topics related to the science of movement. The structure and function of the skeletal and muscular systems, the nervous system, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems will be studied. In addition, students will explore exercise physiology. This course is especially designed for dance majors and others who have a particular interest in the biology of movement.
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BIO 104 - Concepts of Biology: Biology of Birds Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement SC.
Prerequisite(s): Students who have taken BIO 160 , BIO 165 , or BIO 175 need permission of the instructor to enroll.
A general overview of the study of avian natural history. Special attention is given to field techniques to identify, describe, and record the biology of birds in their natural habitat. Four class hours per week and field trips.
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BIO 107, 117 - Concepts of Biology: From DNA to Cancer Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement SC (and is a linked IL course when offered as 117).
Prerequisite(s): Students who have taken BIO 160 , BIO 165 , or BIO 175 need permission of the instructor to enroll.
This course covers the biology of cancer, from the changes in DNA and cells that lead to cancer to treatment and prevention strategies. We will address the following questions: What is cancer? What causes cancer? How can cancer be treated? Specific topics to be covered include hallmarks of cancer cells, causes of cancer (including environmental and hereditary factors, as well as infectious agents), and cancer genes, with a special focus on current topics in Cancer Biology.
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BIO 108 - Concepts of Biology: Plants & People Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement SC.
Prerequisite(s): Students who have taken BIO 160 , BIO 165 , or BIO 175 need permission of the instructor to enroll.
This course is a survey of the diversity of plants and their relationship with people. We will focus on the uses of plants from historical, contemporary, and multicultural perspectives. We will explore how plants serve as our foods, medicines, fibers, fuels, and the other ways that they impact our lives and influence our cultures. The scientific process, ethnobotanical study, agricultural and environmental issues, and ethical considerations will be closely examined. This course will include hands-on, field, and laboratory study of plants.
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BIO 109 - Concepts of Biology: Bubonic Plague to AIDS: The Influence of Infectious Disease on the Human Species & Environment Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement SC.
Prerequisite(s): Students who have taken BIO 160 , BIO 165 , or BIO 175 need permission of the instructor to enroll.
Infectious disease has and continues to have a profound influence on humans and the environment in which they live. Bubonic plague, smallpox, syphilis, malaria, and AIDS, as well as other emerging viruses, will be studied as specific examples of infectious disease. The biology of the microbes involved, their epidemiology, resulting pathology, and control will be discussed. Emphasis will be placed on the historical, political, and social consequences of infectious disease.
Offered as a course designed for Muhlenberg Scholars.
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BIO 111, 126 - Concepts of Biology: Crisis Earth: Causes, Consequences, & Solutions for a Changing Planet Course unit(s): 1
Meets GAR: Meets general academic requirement SC (and IL when offered as 126).
Prerequisite(s): Students who have taken BIO 160 , BIO 165 , or BIO 175 need permission of the instructor to enroll.
With a growing human population and society’s increasing demands on the planet’s natural resources, we are entering an era of ecological crisis on Earth. This class will explore some of the major crises facing our planet from a scientific and social perspective. Students will develop an understanding of the science needed to appreciate, diagnose, and tackle environmental crises such as global warming, habitat destruction, invasive species, and pollution. The class will also explore some causes of and solutions to these ecological catastrophes from social, political, and management perspectives. This course is an introduction to many environmental topics and is designed to engage students from different disciplines in the increasingly important hunt for solutions to Earth’s environmental crises.
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